Sikhism was founded in the Punjab region of India in the fifteenth century bythe first Sikh Guru, Guru Nanak . Its religious traditions werefinalized by Guru Gobind Singh on the day of Baisakhi, 13 April 1699. People of different religions, castes, regions (from remote places of India/India)decorated the Khalsa Panth by taking initiation from Sikh Gurus. The five beloved ones then includedGuru Gobind Singh in the Khalsa by giving them nectar.This historical event shaped the history of Sikhism for almost 300 years.
The history of Sikhism is very similar to the history of Punjab and the socio-political environment of the 16th century in South Asia (present-day Pakistan and India ). During the Mughalia Sultanate over South Asia (1556–1707), the struggle of the Sikhs to protect the human rights of the people was against the government of that time, for this reason the Sikh Gurus were sacrificed at the hands of the Mughals.During this sequence, there was a mobilization of the Sikhs against the Mughals. ‘Sikh Raj’ was established under the Sikh Misls and the Sikh Empire under the rule of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, which despite being a powerful empire, was religiously tolerant and secular towards Christians, Muslims and Hindus. The establishment of the Sikh Empire is generally considered to be the pinnacle of the political plane of Sikhism,at which
time Kashmir , Ladakh and Peshawar were included in the Sikh Empire. Hari Singh Nalwa was the chief general of the Khalsa army, who, while leading the Khalsa Panth, expanded the frontiers of the Sikh Empire by conquering the Darr-e-Khyber across from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa . Military, economic and governmental reforms took place during the administration of the secular Sikh Empire.
In the months leading up to the Partition of Punjab in 1947 , Punjab was characterized by tensions between Sikhs and Muslims, which made migration of Sikhs and Hindus from West Punjab and Muslims from East Punjab on the other a conflict.
